These companies manufacture etching chemicals for semiconductor production equipment and sell directly to their customers. These chemicals remove layers from the surface of semiconductors via etching.

These companies manufacture LCD (liquid-crystal display) glass substrates for arrays of transistors for LCD displays and sell directly to original equipment manufacturers.

These companies produce chemical additives, including cellulose, soda ash, carbon black, fumed silica, and fumed alumina. They are designed to change the properties of the chemicals, not the chemicals themselves.

These companies research, develop, and manufacture patented drugs.

These companies manufacture pharamaceutical and biotech research research equipment for drug manufacturers and sell directly to their customers.

These companies manufacture equipment used to manufacture pharmaceutical and biotech products and sell directly to their customers.

These companies provide contract clinical testing services to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. These services can be employed anywhere from early-stage to late-stage drug development. In the process of providing these testing services, the companies gain approval from relevant regulatory agencies.